The Construction and Effect of the MOOC-based One Plus Three Teaching Model During the COVID-19 Pandemic

"Undisruptive learning with disruptive classes" is the principle for Chinese higher education institutions to handle the challenge they encounter during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to promote online teaching across three scenarios: online teaching for students within one college, online teaching for students across different colleges, and online training for primary and secondary school teachers. Guided by the "Internet+" concept, we design the MOOC-Based One Plus Three teaching model. Moreover, we apply the model in designing and developing online courses on the Chinese Universities MOOC platform. Empirical results have shown that the model effectively solves the needs of large-scale emergency teaching during the pandemic across online teaching for students within one college, online leaching for students across different colleges, and online training for primary and secondary school teachers. This model supports the rapid implementation of online teaching in more than 180 colleges and over more than 20 courses across the country with 58,107 preservice teachers, in-service teachers, related business employees enrolled. This highly feasibly model embodies the Internet thinking and consists of various teaching, methods, and thus maximize the effectiveness of online teaching. This model especially supports the online teaching of the Instructional Technology program at universities (e.g., Hubei University of Education) which are severely affected by the pandemic. Therefore, the model has a positive promotion and application value.

Research on Support Services of MOOC-Based Online Teacher Professional Development During the COVID-19 Pandemic

During the COVID-19 Pandemic, the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China has noted that elementary and secondary schools in various regions should ensure "Undisrupted Learning with Disrupted Classes". Therefore, it is important to carry out online teacher professional development (PD) to ensure the quality of basic education. We adopt the literature research method, theoretical deduction method, investigation research method and evaluation research method. Guided by the fundamental principles of online teaching and the "Internet +" thinking, we follow the general online teacher PD process, which is building a community, defining PD issues, providing PD resources, organizing PD activities, generating PD outcomes, and evaluating the outcomes. The Chinese Universities MOOCs Platform is deployed to provide PD resources, organize and manage PD activities. Then we design and apply the MOOC-based online teacher PD support model. Empirical results have shown that this model effectively meets the online PD needs, and corrects the misconceptions of online teaching of first-line elementary and secondary school teachers during the pandemic. Moreover, this model can promote teachers' engagement in online PD. At the same time, we foster a batch of typical online teacher PD cases, which contributes to the online teaching practice to achieve "Undisrupted Learning with Disrupted Classes".

Impact of covid-19 on prep prescriptions in the united states: A time series analysis

Background: On March 13, 2020 a national emergency was declared and protective measures were implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. PrEP prescriptions had increased in the United States since 2014, but shutdown because of COVID-19 resulted in decreased use of health services. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 on PrEP prescriptions in the United States. Methods: We analyzed data from the IQVIA Real World Data-Longitudinal Prescriptions Database from 2017 to the end of June 2020. Using a validated algorithm, we identified PrEP prescriptions and new PrEP users. We used a Bayesian structural time series model to predict the trajectory in PrEP prescriptions for the period of March 15-June 27, 2020 in the absence of the pandemic. The prediction was computed based on the pre-COVID-19 weekly PrEP data from January 1, 2017 to March 14, 2020 in the IQVIA database and adjusted for decreased PrEP prescriptions during holidays. The impact of COVID-19 was inferred by the differences between predicted and observed time series. We stratified the effect of COVID-19 on PrEP prescriptions by age group, insurance type, and among 10 states with most PrEP prescriptions prior to the national emergency declaration. Results: In the absence of the pandemic, our time series model predicted that there would have been 264,281 PrEP prescriptions during March 15-June 27, 2020 and we observed 222,589 PrEP prescriptions in the IQVIA database, a 15.8% reduction after the emergency declaration (Figure). The model predicted 43,636 new PrEP users during the same time period and we observed 29,971 new PrEP users, a 31.3% reduction after the emergency declaration. The impact of the pandemic on PrEP prescriptions was greater for those who paid for PrEP with cash (34.3% reduction in PrEP prescriptions;44.3% reduction in new PrEP users). The COVID-19 impact varied among the 10 states with the most PrEP prescriptions prior to the pandemic, ranging from 6.8% to 25.1% reductions in PrEP prescriptions and 19.8% to 48.1% reductions in new PrEP users. The number of new PrEP users began to increase towards the end of June 2020. Conclusion: Closures during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in decreases in PrEP prescriptions and even more in new PrEP users. Ongoing monitoring is warranted to assess whether the impact has abated since June 2020. The reasons for decreased PrEP prescriptions could be lack of access to care or decreased risk behavior during the pandemic.

Impact of covid-19 on commercial laboratory testing for hiv in the United States

Background: On March 13, 2020, the United States declared a national emergency to combat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Many states and localities issued shelter-in-place or stay-at-home orders to reduce the spread of COVID-19, limiting movement outside the home to essential activities. Since that time the pandemic has been associated with documented disruptions in routine preventive and other nonemergency care. Screening for HIV infection as well as HIV-1 viral load monitoring for persons living with HIV have likely been affected by the pandemic. Laboratory data from the National Syndromic Surveillance Program provide one way to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HIV screening, HIV diagnoses and HIV-1 viral load monitoring. Methods: Using data reported daily to CDC from a large commercial laboratory, we identified lab test reports for HIV screening or HIV-1 viral load testing. For reports with HIV screening test results, we assessed how often the final HIV test algorithm result was confirmed positive. We plotted daily counts of each of the three HIV test types and 7-day moving averages. We also calculated the difference in the number of each type of test performed between March 13, 2019 and September 30, 2019 from those performed during the same time period in 2020. Results: Compared with number of tests performed in 2019, there were 669,847 fewer HIV screening tests, 4,910 fewer confirmed HIV-1 diagnoses, and 67,694 fewer HIV-1 viral load tests performed during March 13 to September 30, 2020. The 7-day average number of HIV tests performed dropped dramatically after March 13, 2020 and did not recover to 2019 levels by September 30, 2020 (Figure). Conclusion: During the national COVID-19 emergency, routine screening for HIV and HIV-1 viral load monitoring may have been delayed or foregone by many patients and clinicians. Undiagnosed HIV infection and higher viral loads could have led to increased morbidity and transmission. Although the number of tests being performed has partially recovered from a nadir this spring, testing at this commercial lab has not yet rebounded to make up what was lost. Healthcare system adaptations including home testing, home sample collection, and telemedicine visits for HIV care can help to address this shortfall as the COVID-19 pandemic persists in the US.

Reinforcing Sustainability Assessment and Reshaping Technology Innovation for Highly Sustainable Manufacturing in the Post-COVID-19 Era

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented shock around the world. Manufacturing sectors are among the hardest hit. As the initial negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic start to recede, the manufacturing sectors must work collaboratively to develop strategies for transition to much more sustainable and resilient industries. These circumstances have created a number of research opportunities in sustainability science and engineering. This technical note discusses challenges and research needs in the effort to introduce new aspects to enhance existing sustainability metrics systems and to develop powerful decision analysis and decision-making methodologies and tools for reshaping technology innovations.